Individual report based on an observation of an establishment Essay

Individual report based on an observation of an establishment - Essay Example Observation of the Hawthorn effect In order to examine the Hawthorne effect specific tests are performed. These tests mainly included examining the efficiency level of the employees. The employees and staff were informed beforehand that their actions will be kept under observation for the purpose of conducting successful experiments (Abratt, Beffon and For, 2011). Two different sets of experiments are performed one without the acknowledgement of the participants and one with the acknowledgement of the participants. The experiment indicated that the there is marked difference between e two experiments. So it can be concluded that Hawthorn effect was present in the observations. Details of the Hyatt Regency Different kinds of accommodations are available at Hyatt. Some of the types of rooms are standard rooms, triple or family rooms and suite. The hotel is present in 7 different international countries. Altogether there are about more than 500 plus bedrooms in Hyatt. Some of the well k nown brands are Park Hyatt, Andaz, Grand Hyatt, Hyatt Regency and many more. The hotel offers a diverse range of facilities starting from plush services like room services, online hotel and resort booking services, bag drops and pulls, dining and cuisine, baby sitting services, bell services, business centre services, concierge services, and currency exchange services (Aiken and West, 2001). The other kinds of services are engineering services, exhibit halls, food and beverage services, gift certificates. The different types of clubs, lounges and restaurants are Regency Club, Peppercorn Duck Club, Skies Restaurant, the Terrace restaurant, Coffee Express, Market segment of Hyatt Regency Table 1: Market segment of Hyatt Amerisuites Corporate business and family weekend leisure traveller, 30 to 59 years of age, 50% male/50% female, Household income $85,000+ Park Hyatt High income, Professionals, high level executives, celebrities Grand Hyatt Upper to high level income, Professionals, s enior and mid-level executives, upscale meetings, Hyatt Regency Middle to upper income, Professional, managerial, convention groups, Hyatt resorts Middle to upper income depending on branding, Professionals, mid to senior level executives, meetings and incentive groups Spa Hyatt Culturally sensitive acknowledging deep local customs and traditions Hyatt vacation club Middle to upper income, University educated with post-graduate degree courses Source: (Anderson and Mittal, 2002) Details of the information gathering process The resorts and hotels of Hyatt are connected to a central server of each hotel. The central servers are connected to each other in a network of interlinked and interconnected system. All the hotels and resorts of Hyatt use as single source software which helps to create an inter link between the various departments as well as between hotels and resorts (Berman and Evans, 2007). The implementation of the central reservation system at Hyatt has led to a record incre ase in the number of rooms sold (almost 31%). Whereas the industry average indicates that the number of rooms sold increased by only 20% to 25% (Craig and Douglas, 2005). The central reservation system is used for collecting information like the operational efficiency and revenue generation. The diagram given below gives an indication of the grading system of restaurant. Fig 2: Auditing process of restaurants Source: (Anderson and Sullivan, 2002) B Details of the administrative and accommodation departments The different typ

Armstrong Gets Dumped by Shelly Banjo Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 27

Armstrong Gets Dumped by Shelly Banjo - Article Example This article gives the reader an insight into Armstrong’s doping scandal. It shows how this issue began, and its final implications, which leave Armstrong in a negative light. Most importantly, the US-Anti Doping Agency (USADA) declares Armstrong guilty of doping, based on a 200-page report with intensive details, which point to the fact that Armstrong ran a complex doping operation. It is decided that he is a drug cheat when he fails to defend himself against these allegations. What follows is the stripping off all his seven Tour de France wins. Different organizations he collaborated with deny him and promise to cut business relations with him. For example, Nike terminates his contract abruptly, while some cycling chiefs from International Cycling Union (UCI) require Armstrong to repay all the prize money from the stripped winnings from 1998-2005, and he resigns as the chairperson of Livestrong, his cancer foundation (â€Å"The Wall Street Journal†).  In this articl e, the author takes a neutral stand, as she neither supports nor condemns any of the parties involved in this whole issue. The author only reports on the facts as they are, and does not give a personal opinion on the overall issue. This is a commendable approach, essential in reporting, for bias avoidance.  Armstrong’s doping scandal raises many concerns in the cycling sport, as doping is mentioned as a trend among some cyclists. Nonetheless, doping, according to the World Anti-Doping Agency is illegal. One of the reasons is that it adversely affects the health of the involved athletes, and is considered cheating in sport (Porterfield, 2007).  

First impressions Essay Example for Free

First impressions Essay In my opinion it is your first impression of something that ultimately gives you the perfect vantage point in which to accurately assume the true nature of something. Your notion of this something is then unaffected or swayed by any outside sources or by second guessing yourself. Upon first experiencing this first time offered course, I immediately felt right at home concerning the direction in which the course was headed and also with the enthusiasm and involvement of the professor. The first class began as any other, anxiously awaiting an unknown professor and the educational information he bears. With a proverbial collective sigh of relief, the class was greeted with a pleasant professor offering a most interesting lesson plan on the writing in the discipline of psychology. After welcomed introductions class was underway and a new appreciation for my major was attained. Our first homework assignment required us to read and analyze an article entitled â€Å"Making Science Understandable to a Broad Audience† by Richard Reis. The article portrays the notion that we as those in search of educational advancement must accommodate the manner in which we write for individuals many whom are otherwise unaware. This piece I believe sets the tone for this course in its entirety and my perceptions as to what is seeks to achieve, in that to truly know and understand an idea or concept one must have the ability to correctly perceive and present information of the utmost importance to the vast majority. Throughout my college career I have strived to put forth my best effort and achieve a great standing in all my courses. I plan on not doing any different here, so upon perusing the course syllabus I noticed many assignments wherein groups were involved. In my past experience, sadly I have had many instances in which fellow group members became ‘clingers’ to my dedicated work whilst I labored on it. Assignments listed as anything prefaced by the dreaded utterance â€Å"Group,† made me question my position here. Despite my reservations I believe that those fellow students in my class are just as dedicated as I and wish to succeed just as much. Without further explanation of the group work involved, much of it looks fairly familiar to projects that I have done in past classes both in college and high school concerning poster presentations and literature reviews. My worries, other than those aforementioned, lie in the â€Å"Individual Components† of the course description and what they might entail. At least for me, when work pertaining to that of doling out constructive criticism is required I simply feel inadequate in telling others how to go about their work. Other than that one hiccup, the rest of the work to be done individually seems common or at least manageable. In the past I have kept a record or journal of daily events of significance, in that I can see doing well in keeping a research journal. Being accustomed to modern times and technology use should help serve me in using the â€Å"Learning E-Portfolios,† and submitting assignments online. My major is in psychology and therefore have read extensively on the subject as well as taken previous writing courses, all of which will hopefully aid me in doing well this semester. I feel as though this course will play towards my strengths and will be successful overall. Although, I do not expect to go without surprises, I trust this course to challenge my writing ability as well as my grasp on psychology ASSIGNMENT REFLECTION FORM 1. How would you describe your experience in working on this assignment (Was it difficult to begin? Did the ideas come easily or with difficulty? What obstacles did you face in the process of writing? How long did it take you?)? A: As with any paper, I found it slightly difficult to begin because I enjoy taking the time to organize my thoughts into a cohesive and coherent piece. In the writing process I found it difficult to completely fulfill the requirements in that the book contained in the courses required reading section had been backordered and in an attempt to continue, I had purchased a copy on Amazon.com and am sadly still awaiting its arrival. From beginning to end this essay took me around two hours to complete in its entirety. 2. What do you see as the strengths of this paper? A: I believe the strengths of this paper to be my honesty involving the course. It may or may not help with improvements and or changes in future assignments and course direction. 3. What do you see as areas for improvement in the paper? A: Not to sound clichà © but I believe that all papers still require improvement. No matter how many edits or drafts it takes there will always be one idea or point that may have been over expressed or a central one that had been simply left out completely. I may need to improve upon my ordering or overall flow of my paper to achieve a better read. 4. What did you learn (about yourself, the subject, writing, or reading) from doing this assignment? A: While writing this piece I learned that I truly enjoy expressing myself through writing. Although I consider myself to have a limited vocabulary I find nothing more exciting than to surprise someone with my work.

Domestic Marketing And International Marketing

Domestic Marketing And International Marketing The report has been prepared to highlight whether International marketing is really no different from the study of domestic marketing. It comprises the insight of domestic marketing, international marketing, and evolution of global marketing. The objective of this report is to explore various differences between International and domestic marketing. It focuses on various issues that need to be overcome before moving from domestic marketing to international marketing. This report illustrates various examples which moved from domestic to global marketing and experienced remarkable increase in the revenue. This report highlights various ethical problems faced in International Marketing. TABLE OF CONTENTS Topics Page No. Introductionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦4 The evolution of global marketingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.4-6 Domestic Marketingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..6-7 International Marketingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.7-9 Domestic vs. Internationalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.9-11 Empirical Examplesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦12-13 Biggest International Marketing Mistakesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.13 Ethical Problems in International Marketingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.13-15 Conclusion à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦15 Reference and bibliographyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦16 INTRODUCTION The marketing aspect is as important as other business aspect in every business engagement. The marketing aspect deals as how to make the product being introduce and sell in the market. There are many kinds of organizations created such as the domestic business, multinational business, international business, etc. The marketing strategies of each kind of business depend on the nature of the business involvement. Therefore, the Domestic and International markets should have separate marketing strategy. The differences of the two markets are obvious from the point of their market host and demand domain. The evolution of global marketing The long held tenants of marketing are customer value, competitive advantage and focus. Organizations hence studied the market, developed the product which satisfied the customer. They followed correct marketing mix to satisfy its own objectives. However this strategy proved to be very narrow as time elapsed and hence evolved Strategic Marketing. The focus was shifted from knowing only customer requirements, to knowing the customer in a context which includes the competition, government policy and regulations, and the broader economic, social and political macro forces that shape the evolution of markets. In global marketing term this means forging alliances (relationships) or developing networks, which works closely with home country government officials and industry competitors to gain access to a target market. The marketing objective has changed from satisfying organizational objectives to one of stakeholder benefits including employees, society, government and so on. Table 1.1 outlines a typology of terms which describes the characteristics of companies at different stages in the process of evolving from domestic to global enterprises. Table 1.1 Stages of domestic to global evolution Management emphasis Stage one Domestic Stage two International Stage three Multinational Stage four Global Focus Domestic Ethnocentric Polycentric Geocentric Marketing strategy Domestic Extension Adaption Extension Structure Domestic International Worldwide area Adaption creation matrix/mixed Management style Domestic Centralized top down Decentralized bottom up Integrated Manufacturing stance Mainly domestic Mainly domestic Host country Lowest cost worldwide Investment policy Domestic Domestic used worldwide Mainly in each host country Cross subsidization Performance evaluation Domestic market share Against home country market share Each host country market share Worldwide In stage one domestic marketing was in focus, with all activity concentrated in the home market. Organizations like milk marketing, solely domestically oriented organizations. In stage two home marketing is focused, but with exports (ethnocentric). Organization probably believes only in home values, but creates an export division. In stage three stage two organizations which realize that they must adapt their marketing mixes to overseas operations. The focus of theses organizations switches to multinational (polycentric) and adaption becomes paramount. In stage four global organizations which create value by extending products and programs and focus on serving emerging global markets (geocentric). This involves in recognizing the markets around the world which consist of similarities and differences and that it is possible to develop a global strategy based on similarities to obtain scale economies, but also recognizes and responds to cost effective differences. The strategies are a combination of extension, adaptation and creation. Domestic Marketing A domestic market is a financial market and trades are aimed toward a single market. A domestic market is also referred to as domestic trading. In domestic trading, organization faces only one set of competitive, economic, and market issues and essentially must deal with only one set of customers, although the company may have several segments in a market. Following are four guiding principles that governs the marketing strategy Knowledge Based Promotion The marketing platform is to deliver the huge benefit of products through ethically designed promotional strategies. The product will be promoted in the marketplace with a message that is focused, competitively advantageous, relevant and evocative to target audience segments, clinically supportable, and sustainable over time. Building Loyalty The marketers ensure that their product is always superseded by any other alternatives and it doesnt go out of fashion. Brand loyalty is integral part in adding value to their business. Parameters Not Formulas There is no set formula to devise the marketing and sales strategies and every product is different and respectively faces its own unique confluence of factors influencing its performance over time. The parameters governing should be with respect to sales and market share. Each of these parameters should be reviewed frequently through external market conditions, other corporate priorities, pricing changes, and new or revived competitors. Meeting the Genuine need The organization should aim to meet customer needs recognized by them. Japanese domestic market The term Japanese Domestic Market (JDM) is used by companies in Japan to refer to the services and product they offer in local market, as opposed to the international, non-Japanese market. The automotive hobbyist uses this term most commonly to refer Japanese-brand automobiles and parts designed and constructed to conform to Japanese vehicle and equipment regulations and to suit Japanese market preferences. Vehicles made in JDM migrate to other markets through ordinary commerce and the grey market. Vehicles made in JDM often differ in features and equipment from vehicles sold elsewhere. For example, Honda to sell its product worldwide has produced different versions of the B18C 1, B16A and K20A engines. This was done to suite varying emission regulations laws followed in different countries. Vehicles built based on JDM specifications will have stiffer suspensions and improved throttle response over vehicles built for different global markets, due to differing driving styles and different road types. For example, the USA features long highways and a smoother ride is always preferable, whereas Japans features short and twisty roads, where a stiffer suspension is desired for improved handling capability. For the US and European market versions, some features may be removed in order to meet certain price level, conventional rear suspension can be used instead of a double wishbone suspension and electronic devices like Active Yaw Control. Furthermore, engine power of JDM sports cars may be removed to meet stricter emission standards in other countries. The JDM headlamps would be a major concern when it comes to safety in countries where traffic flows along the right side of the road, because JDM headlamps are engineered for use on the left side of the road. International Marketing International marketing is a kind of marketing carried out by organizations overseas or across national borderlines. The strategy used is an extension of the techniques used in the home country of a firm. According to the American Marketing Association (AMA) international marketing is the multinational process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives. Global Marketing Strategy gives a practical managerial orientation to international marketing in complex, rapidly changing global business environment. The marketing strategy focuses on customer analysis, competitor analysis and company analysis. Once marketing strategies are established the focus is done for segmenting markets, targeting markets and market positioning in the international arena. Following are the factors that need to be considered before moving abroad Demographic and physical environment should be assessed in categories like population size, growth, distribution channels, etc. Economic environment should be reviewed that goes around with the income and expenditure activities, inflation, currency stability, etc. that will contribute for the new service or products success. Social and cultural environment should be assessed that encompasses a wide range of anticipations and assumptions with regards to the culture and social differences. Legal environment should be considered which includes the limitations on trade and tariffs, proper documentation and import regulations. Political environment should be reviewed in which the governments system is included. In terms of strategies, the international market is truly different and more complicated than domestic markets. Individualized Marketing Strategy: This strategy is followed by companies that conduct international business in several nations and is often utilized by smaller businesses involved in only one or two foreign markets. In this strategy, political, social, and economic factors are important components of the marketing process. Global Marketing Strategy This strategy ignores differences between nations and based on the notion that consumers around the world are growing more and more similar and a standardized product and marketing mix can achieve enormous economies, especially in advertising, packing, and distribution because they would not be changed. Domestic Marketing vs. International Marketing Global marketing decisions requires months of research. They require high degree of planning and formation of internal strategies, factors affecting strategies are target audiences, spending and profit margins. Global marketing is more complex, and must take into consideration numerous factors such as Language and translation: Some countries share similar language but every country has nuances of language that should be considered before marketing globally. The marketing pieces should be shared with native speakers in the countries targeted for marketing, even if the language is the same as domestic market. For example Spanish is a language shared by millions worldwide, yet the Spanish spoken in Mexico differs from the Spanish spoken in Spain. Cultural considerations: Cultures vary worldwide and marketing pieces must reflect cultural nuances accordingly. It is wise to examine cultural context before to save money later by helping you avoid costly advertising and marketing mistakes. For Example In the United States, advertisements depicting scantily clad models sell everything from shaving products to soft drinks but in more conservative cultures, such advertisements would be offensive or even banned. Price and payment methods: Online sellers should facilitate currency converters or payment processing systems that accept multiple currencies, sellers must be aware of pricing sensitivities by country, by product and by market. Before launching the product into global market, competition and competitive pricing models should be investigated. The price should be tagged depending on whether product is targeted for domestic or global market. Marketing methods and the media mix: Marketing methods such as websites and print advertisements are used in most countries while others countries prefer to have direct mails. Countries with large rural populations, such as China and India, may not have as robust a mail service as industrialized countries so they may rely more heavily on radio or television rather than printed messages to share new and information. Before investing in any media we need to understand audience being targeted. Distribution methods and shipping concerns: Each country has its own restrictions and law as to what goods can be imported. Costs, time delay and country restrictions must be accounted for worldwide shipping. Every organization must comply with all importation laws, and if required they should be willing to invest the time into learning rules and regulations concerning exports and imports. While planning is an important aspect of any successful campaign, there are certain considerations which are vital for successful launch of a product in domestic market and global market. Table 1.2 lists the instances required to be considered before marketing. Table 1.2 Considerations vital for successful launch of a product Domestic Planning International Planning Single language and nationality Multilingual/multinational/multicultural factors Relatively homogeneous market Fragmented and diverse markets Data available, usually accurate and collection easy Data collection a large task requiring significantly higher budgets and personnel allocation Political factors relatively unimportant Political factors frequently vital Relative freedom from government interference Involvement in national economic plans; government influences business decisions Individual corporation has little effect on environment Gravitational distortion by large companies Chauvinism helps Chauvinism hinders Relatively stable business environment Multiple environments, many of which are highly unstable (but may be highly profitable) Domestic Planning International Planning Uniform financial climate Variety of financial climates ranging from over-conservative to wildly inflationary Single currency Currencies differing in stability and real value Business rules of the game mature and understood Rules diverse, changeable and unclear Solid Global Marketing decisions involve months of research with high degree of planning to achieve companys ultimate goals. Advanced planning gives a number of advantages Helps coordinate activities Helps prepare for emergencies Gives activity continuity Integrates functions and activities Helps in a continuous review of operations Following are the common differences Domestic Marketing Domestic marketing is marketing aimed at a single market. This single market is the firms domestic market. The firm faces only one set of competitive, economic and market issues. International Marketing International marketing goes beyond exporting and calls for direct involvement in the local marketing environment within a given country. Understanding different cultural, economic and political environments becomes necessary for success in international markets. Empirical Examples The domestic businesses samples probably rise in the range of local suppliers whereas the internationally engaged business strives to keep their business growing such as the Nike, automobile businesss, and even beauty products. QVC shopping leader The QVC shopping leader started as a shopping channel. The show hosts could only demonstrate a limited number of products per day. In 1996, QVC thought of expanding its business by getting into an Internet business where customers could browse online at their iQVC web site for a much larger selection of products. The QVC marketed majority of its product online which resulted in quantum leap in QVC e-business, spurring development of a technologically elegant system of warehousing and shipping the items as well. iQVC noticed a profit only after three months, made $97 million in profits by the year 2000, and has enjoyed ever-increasing sales each year since then. McDonalds Strategy McDonald has succeeded in growing as a consequence of its strategic choices. The analysis of the external and internal environment of the company shows, McDonalds strengths are more significant than its weaknesses. The primary strength is its brand, which is recognized all over the world, and its position at the head of its industry makes it a force to be reckoned with. The ability to determine what consumers want and need and adapt to new requirement is a major strength of company. This is the one that requires McDonalds to keep reinventing itself. Previously McDonalds used to close in the evenings just after dinner, but now almost 40% of McDonalds restaurants stay open round the clock, this is done to focus on between-meal and late-night options such as snack foods and fruit smoothies. On top of this McDonalds keeps on generating new products more aggressively than in the past. The new selections are tried out in one market for several weeks to see how the sales, costs, and margins grow and how easy they are to prepare by the companys constantly-changing staff. McDonalds strategies add on to companys strengths, such as the delivery service. It offers services in crowded cities such as Shanghai, this way company not only make more sales by catering to the traffic-challenged, time-constrained, and lazy, it also saves itself some money at the same time, because delivered meals require no table clean-up at the restaurant. Biggest International Marketing Mistakes Few companies faced huge losses due to insufficient planning and research done before launching the product in global market. In South East Asia Pepsi Cola lost it dominant market share when they changed the color of its vending machines and coolers from deep Regal blue to light Ice blue as Light blue is associated with death and mourning in SE Asia. Few years back when Pepsi started marketing products in China, they translated their slogan, Pepsi Brings You Back to Life pretty literally. The literal meaning of slogan in Chinese was, Pepsi Brings Your Ancestors Back from the Grave. During Chevrolets attempt to launch the Nova proved a mistake as Spanish translation of it was Doesnt Go, and in Mexico translation was (turns out this one appears to be an urban legend and cannot be verified). Ethical Problems in International Marketing The ethical standards are frequently not defined or always clear even within the country, which to leads dilemmas for domestic marketers. The business ethics is infinitely more complex in international marketplace, because value judgments differ widely among culturally diverse groups. The ethical standards commonly accepted in one country may be completely unacceptable in other countries. In US, giving business gifts of high value is highly condemned, whereas in many other countries the business gifts are not only accepted but also expected. Once the existing ethical framework is examined in the field of international marketing from a macro marketing perspective, it is argued that marketers cannot always rely on universally accepted ethical norms, such as hyper norms or core values that have been suggested by a deluge of marketing. We can use some basic moral values in evaluating international marketing ethical issues. We should accept violations of basic moral values in internationa l marketing settings as ethical problems. Following are Major International Marketing Ethical Problems derived from applied researches by Armstrong Traditional Small Scale Bribery- This involves the payment of few concurrency to a foreign official in exchange for him/her violating some official duty or responsibility or to speed routine government actions (grease payments, kickbacks). Large Scale Bribery- This involves relatively large payment intended to allow a violation of the law or designed to influence policy directly or indirectly (eg, political contribution). Gifts/Favours/Entertainment- This includes a range of items such as: lavish physical gifts, opportunities for personal travel at the companys expense, gifts received after the completion of transaction and other extravagant expensive entertainment. Pricing This involves unfair differential pricing, questionable invoicing in which the buyer requests a written invoice showing a price that is different from the actual price paid, pricing to force out local competition, dumping products at prices well below that in the home country, pricing practices that are illegal in the home country but legal in host country (eg, price fixing agreements). Products/Technology This includes products and technology that are banned for use in the home country but permitted in the host country and/or appear unsuitable or inappropriate for use by the people of the host country. Tax Evasion Practices This is used specifically to evade tax such as transfer pricing (i.e., where prices paid between affiliates and/or parent company adjusted to affect profit allocation) including the use of tax havens, where any profit made is in low tax jurisdiction, interest payments on intra-firm loans, questionable management and service fees charged between affiliates and /or the parent company. Illegal/Immoral Activities in the Host Country This includes practices such as: polluting the environment, maintaining unsafe working conditions; product/technology copying where protection of patents, trademarks or copyrights has not been enforced and short weighting overseas shipments so as to charge a country a phantom weight. Questionable Commissions to Channel Members This includes unreasonably large commissions of fees paid to channel members, such as sales agents, middlemen, consultants, dealers and importers. Cultural Differences This is between cultures involving potential misunderstandings related to the traditional requirements of the exchange process (e.g., transactions) may be regarded by one culture as bribes but be acceptable business practices in another culture. These practices include: gifts, monetary payments, favours, entertainment and political contributions. Involvement in Political Affairs- This is related to the combination of marketing activities and politics including the following: the exertion of political influence by multinationals, engaging in marketing activities when either home or host countries are at war and illegal technology transfers. Conclusion Typically, the first area where companies seek to market their goods or services is within its own country (domestic marketing). Since the market, customer needs, tastes, geography, demographics, and distribution methods are familiar, its often the easiest place for companies to launch a product. The four Ps of marketing product, price, place and promotion are often easier for companies to determine within the domestic market. Companies begin marketing their goods or services within their domestic market, and expand to the global market to capture greater market share and open up new avenues for sales. Global marketing means to offer ones goods or services worldwide. Global marketing requires months of research and planning before getting into global market. It is necessary to understand different cultural, economic and political environments for success in international markets Reference and bibliography Text referencing: Reference book The Global Marketing Imperative by Michael R. Czinkota, Ilkka A. Ronkainen, John Tarrant News paper articles Electronic sources: Websites Publications available from websites Unpublished works: Personal communication

The Desktop Computer :: computers technology Technological Essays

The Desktop Computer When you mention the word "technology," most people think about computers. Virtually every facet of our lives has some computerized component. The appliances in our homes have microprocessors built into them, as do our televisions. Even our cars have a computer. But the computer that everyone thinks of first is typically the personal computer, or PC.A PC is a general-purpose tool built around a microprocessor. It has lots of different parts - memory, a hard disk, a modem, etc. - that work together. "General purpose" means that you can do many different things with a PC. You can use it to type documents, send e-mail, browse the Web and play games. On the Inside Let's take a look at the main components of a typical desktop computer. Central processing unit (CPU) - The microprocessor "brain" of the computer system is called the central processing unit. Everything that a computer does is overseen by the CPU. Memory - This is very fast storage used to hold data. It has to be fast because it connects directly to the microprocessor. There are several specific types of memory in a computer: Random-access memory (RAM) - Used to temporarily store information that the computer is currently working with Read-only memory (ROM) - A permanent type of memory storage used by the computer for important data that does not change Basic input/output system (BIOS) - A type of ROM that is used by the computer to establish basic communication when the computer is first turned on Caching - The storing of frequently used data in extremely fast RAM that connects directly to the CPU Virtual memory - Space on a hard disk used to temporarily store data and swap it in and out of RAM as needed Motherboard - This is the main circuit board that all of the other internal components connect to. The CPU and memory are usually on the motherboard. Other systems may be found directly on the motherboard or connected to it through a secondary connection. For example, a sound card can be built into the motherboard or connected through PCI. Power supply - An electrical transformer regulates the electricity used by the computer. Hard disk - This is large-capacity permanent storage used to hold information such as programs and documents. Operating system - This is the basic software that allows the user to interface with the computer.

Denver International Airport Conspiracy Essay -- Informative, Area 52

There is no doubt that an elaborate underground base exist below the Denver International Airport. What actually is going on down below in this base however is a mystery. When taking a closer look at this airfield it is evident that something weird is going on. â€Å"While the most extreme claim maintains that a massive underground facility exists below the airport where an alien race of reptilian humanoids feeds on missing children while awaiting the date of government-sponsored rapture† (Maher 4). This extreme claim just shows what the human mind can conceive when coincidence and the unknown meet. The research is done, is there a conspiracy or is it just being blown out of proportion. The construction of Denver International Airport (DIA) has lead many theorists to nickname it â€Å"Area 52†. To get such an outlandish name would warrant some strange that have to be going on within the airport, and indeed there is. As Hayes points out â€Å"Five large buildings were fully constructed and subsequently deemed to have been positioned incorrectly – unusually, they were buried and the current airport constructed on top of the â€Å"incorrect† structures† (Hayes 1). More often then not if a building was built incorrectly the contractor would simply knock it down and just start over instead of going through the hassle of burying it. Why in this case was this not done? â€Å"All told, there is over 6 million square feet of public space at DIA. The airport brags that they have room to build another terminal and two more concourses and could serve 100 million passengers a year. The airport flew 50.5 million in 2008† (Anomalies Unlimited 3). There is no need for that much room in any one airport especially when they are only flying half as many as th... ...r figure out what these paintings really stand for. In recent years they have been painted over and redone in certain areas, so something needs to be found before there are no paintings left. Could there really be aliens eating missing children or is the Nazis regime getting ready to return and making their base under Denver Airport. There is a base under DIA, but could the paintings of Leo Tanguma offer insight as to what is down in the vast buildings? â€Å"Many investigators have directly questioned airport officials in an attempt to dispel the myriad of rumours – officials however have been reported to be evasive and secretive which has fuelled the conspiratorial fires† (Hayes 1). Nobody really knows what is going on at DIA, only guesses. So take that facts for what they are worth and decide what is happening at the mysterious Denver International Airport.

Likert Scales

A Closer Look at the Age, Peers and Delinquency Relationship Daniel P. Mears and Samuel H. Field Western Criminology Review 4 (1), 20-29 (2002) Introduction: Research Summary: Two suppositions were explored. First, a communal association between delinquent peer-groups and the significance of age as it is influencedamong older youth. The second (keeping in the direction of the theoretical focus), epitomized that substance-abuse-related offenses would have a greater correlation in the relationship between delinquent peers and age. For each violation dependent variables were used, with each offender asked the specific amount of times the offense was committed in the past year. â€Å"The mean values for the offenses, range from a low of . 05 for burglary to a high of 24. 00 for the use of marijuana. † (Mears & H. Field,2002). The analysis with regard to the deviant self-reported acts uncovers the fact that there is a significant age/peer interaction for each violation, omitting hitting someone. The principal finding to note is,†that the expected pattern of age/peer interactions is most evident for using marijuana; getting drunk; and, to a lesser extent, selling illegal drugs, using prescription drugs, burglary, and the offense index. The steady progression in the increasing effect of peers for these offenses can be seen by noting the size and direction of the increase in the interaction coefficients from one age to the next†(Mears & H. Field,2002). For the crimes of: cheating, damaging property, stealing items less than $5, and more than $50, and hitting someone, the nature and tenacity appear to be less apparent. With regard to these offenses, the effects of the â€Å"influence-of-peers-relationship,† seem to lessen. The researchers gave additional analysis to examine the effects of the linkage between heightened delinquency that may be reinforced by increased influence of peers and reducedtime spent with the family model. When included, the variables of peer influence and family time left no discernible significance on the interaction of the age/peer association. Personal Opinion regarding Research: The authors did look at relevant and pertinent data. Samplings from the study were taken from households across United States, as evidenced by the NYS Wave 3 data, and adolescents were selected from the ages of 13-19. The NYS data was used, â€Å"because of its considerable methodological attention given to the NYS and because of the general agreement as to their reliability and validity† (Mears & H. Field, 2002). Mandatory steps were taken to ensure the offenses were of high variances, by creating the index and standardizing individual offense counts. Standardizing the individual offense was necessary to ensure that offenses with high variances (e. g. , using marijuana) did not overly influence the resulting index† (Mears & H. Field, 2002). I found the article to be informative as well as interesting. Mears and fields, speculative evidence suggesting that increased exposure to delinquent peers exerts a unique impact on the inclination of older youth to engage in drug offending (using marijuana, getting drunk, selling ille gal drugs, and using prescription drugs), was very compelling to me. There are many studies and much evidence to suggest that substance abuse is embedded within peer interactions. Adolescents are expected to participate in drug-related deviant acts, with marijuana and drunkenness at the forefront. It was equally interesting to see how the aging peer influence played into this study. Conclusion: While there does seem to be an interactive relationship existing between age and delinquent peer associations (for some offenses). The research was directed more to the drug-related offenses and the relationship between age and delinquent peer associations. The researchers pointed out that with thisinteractive age/peer relationship, delinquency increases with peer influence among older youth. The data from the NYS was pertinent, relevant, and convincing. The findings open other areas for further investigation, such as â€Å"age/peer interactions using longitudinal data. † (Mears & H. Field,2002). Although, I found the data to be factual and valid, I did take note that the data from wave one was collected in 1976, and the data collected from the third wave (present study), was collected in 1978. The only recommendation I would have is to perform similar analysis on current data to add a stronger foundation to Mears and fields, 2002 findings. (Mears & H. Field, 2002) Mears, D. P. , & H. Field, S. (2002). A Closer Look at the Age, Peers, and Delinquency Relationship. Retrieved from Excelsior College Virtual Library Web site: http://Retrieved from http://wcr. sonoma. edu/v4n1/mears. html